diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 66e02304..1506de11 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 * Add `exe=@ENV` preference to read `JULIA_PYTHONCALL_EXE` without loading CondaPkg.
 * Improved TTFX in JuliaCall.
 * Minimum supported Python version is now 3.11.
+* JuliaCall option `compiled_modules` now accepts `existing` and `strict` (Julia 1.11+).
 
 ## 0.9.37 (2026-10-12)
 * Compatibility fix with Python 3.15 from conda-forge, which no longer bundles libpython.
diff --git a/docs/src/juliacall.md b/docs/src/juliacall.md
index 84bdae00..11cb9333 100644
--- a/docs/src/juliacall.md
+++ b/docs/src/juliacall.md
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ be configured in two ways:
 | `-X juliacall-home=<dir>` | `PYTHON_JULIACALL_BINDIR=<dir>` | The directory containing the julia executable. |
 | `-X juliacall-check-bounds=<yes\|no\|auto>` | `PYTHON_JULIACALL_CHECK_BOUNDS=<yes\|no\|auto>` | Enable or disable bounds checking. |
 | `-X juliacall-compile=<yes\|no\|all\|min>` | `PYTHON_JULIACALL_COMPILE=<yes\|no\|all\|min>` | Enable or disable JIT compilation. |
-| `-X juliacall-compiled-modules=<yes\|no>` | `PYTHON_JULIACALL_COMPILED_MODULES=<yes\|no>` | Enable or disable incrementally compiling modules. |
+| `-X juliacall-compiled-modules=<yes\|no\|existing\|strict>` | `PYTHON_JULIACALL_COMPILED_MODULES=<yes\|no\|existing\|strict>` | Enable or disable incrementally compiling modules (`existing`, `strict`: Julia 1.11+). |
 | `-X juliacall-depwarn=<yes\|no\|error>` | `PYTHON_JULIACALL_DEPWARN=<yes\|no\|error>` | Enable or disable deprecation warnings. |
 | `-X juliacall-handle-signals=<yes\|no>` | `PYTHON_JULIACALL_HANDLE_SIGNALS=<yes\|no>` | Enable or disable Julia signal handling. |
 | `-X juliacall-inline=<yes\|no>` | `PYTHON_JULIACALL_INLINE=<yes\|no>` | Enable or disable inlining. |
diff --git a/pysrc/juliacall/__init__.py b/pysrc/juliacall/__init__.py
index 9370b60d..4b27810e 100644
--- a/pysrc/juliacall/__init__.py
+++ b/pysrc/juliacall/__init__.py
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ def args_from_config(config):
     CONFIG['opt_compile'] = choice('compile', ['yes', 'no', 'all', 'min'])[0]
     CONFIG["opt_trace_compile"] = option('trace_compile')[0]
     CONFIG["opt_trace_compile_timing"] = flag('trace_compile_timing')[0]
-    CONFIG['opt_compiled_modules'] = choice('compiled_modules', ['yes', 'no'])[0]
+    CONFIG['opt_compiled_modules'] = choice('compiled_modules', ['yes', 'no', 'existing', 'strict'])[0]
     CONFIG['opt_depwarn'] = choice('depwarn', ['yes', 'no', 'error'])[0]
     CONFIG['opt_inline'] = choice('inline', ['yes', 'no'])[0]
     CONFIG['opt_min_optlevel'] = choice('min_optlevel', ['0', '1', '2', '3'])[0]
diff --git a/pytest/test_all.py b/pytest/test_all.py
index 151a7361..8ceaf9df 100644
--- a/pytest/test_all.py
+++ b/pytest/test_all.py
@@ -199,3 +199,33 @@ def test_call_nogil(yld, raw):
         t2 = time() - t0
     # executing the tasks should take about 1 second because they happen in parallel
     assert 0.9 < t2 < 1.5
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("mode,value", [("existing", 2), ("strict", 3)])
+def test_compiled_modules_option(mode, value):
+    import os
+    import subprocess
+    import sys
+
+    from juliacall import Main as jl
+
+    if jl.seval("VERSION < v\"1.11\""):
+        pytest.skip("--compiled-modules=existing/strict requires Julia 1.11")
+    # the parent process has loaded PythonCall, so its cache files exist for the
+    # same flags (the child inherits PYTHON_JULIACALL_*) and it can load them without compiling
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+    env["PYTHON_JULIACALL_COMPILED_MODULES"] = mode
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [
+            sys.executable,
+            "-c",
+            "from juliacall import Main as jl;"
+            " print(jl.seval('Base.JLOptions().use_compiled_modules'), end='')",
+        ],
+        env=env,
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        timeout=180,
+    )
+    assert result.returncode == 0, result.stderr
+    assert result.stdout == str(value)